Comparative Crystal Chemistry of Dense Oxide Minerals

Comparative Crystal Chemistry of Dense Oxide Minerals

Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth, constituting about 43 percent by weight of the crust and mantle. While most of this mass is incorporated into silicates, the next most abundant mineral group in the planet is the oxides. The oxide minerals are generally considered to be those oxygen-based minerals that do not contain a distinct polyanionic species such as OH, CO3, SO4 PO4, SiO4,...

Comparative Crystal Chemistry of Orthosilicate Minerals

Manganese oxide minerals: crystal structures and economic and environmental significance.

Manganese oxide minerals have been used for thousands of years-by the ancients for pigments and to clarify glass, and today as ores of Mn metal, catalysts, and battery material. More than 30 Mn oxide minerals occur in a wide variety of geological settings. They are major components of Mn nodules that pave huge areas of the ocean floor and bottoms of many fresh-water lakes. Mn oxide minerals are...

The Crystal Structure of Minerals

THE CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF SILICATE MINERALS WITH CHAINS OF (TiO6) OCTAHEDRA

Chains of (TiO6) octahedra occur in several crystal structures as fundamental building blocks, confirming the tendency of self-polymerization for (TiO6) octahedra. There are two topologically distinct types of chains based on linkage of (TiO6) octahedra, corner-sharing chains and edge-sharing chains. In this paper, we focus on the diversity of linkages between chains of (TiO6) octahedra and (Si...